第一步,安装工具库
1、tika — 用于从各种文件格式中进行文档类型检测和内容提取
2、wand — 基于 ctypes 的简单 ImageMagick 绑定
3、pytesseract — OCR 识别工具
创建一个虚拟环境,安装这些工具
python -m venv venv
source venv/bin/activate
pip install tika wand pytesseract
第二步,编写代码
假如 pdf 文件里面既有文字,又有图片,以下代码可以直接识别文字:
import io
import pytesseract
import sys
from PIL import Image
from tika import parser
from wand.image import Image as wi
text_raw = parser.from_file(\"example.pdf\")
print(text_raw[\'content\'].strip())
这还不够,我们还需要能失败图片的部分:
def extract_text_image(from_file, lang=\'deu\', image_type=\'jpeg\', resolution=300):
print(\"-- Parsing image\", from_file, \"--\")
print(\"---------------------------------\")
pdf_file = wi(filename=from_file, resolution=resolution)
image = pdf_file.convert(image_type)
image_blobs = []
for img in image.sequence:
img_page = wi(image=img)
image_blobs.append(img_page.make_blob(image_type))
extract = []
for img_blob in image_blobs:
image = Image.open(io.BytesIO(img_blob))
text = pytesseract.image_to_string(image, lang=lang)
extract.append(text)
for item in extract:
for line in item.split(\"\\n\"):
print(line)
合并一下,完整代码如下:
import io
import sys
from PIL import Image
import pytesseract
from wand.image import Image as wi
from tika import parser
def extract_text_image(from_file, lang=\'deu\', image_type=\'jpeg\', resolution=300):
print(\"-- Parsing image\", from_file, \"--\")
print(\"---------------------------------\")
pdf_file = wi(filename=from_file, resolution=resolution)
image = pdf_file.convert(image_type)
for img in image.sequence:
img_page = wi(image=img)
image = Image.open(io.BytesIO(img_page.make_blob(image_type)))
text = pytesseract.image_to_string(image, lang=lang)
for part in text.split(\"\\n\"):
print(\"{}\".format(part))
def parse_text(from_file):
print(\"-- Parsing text\", from_file, \"--\")
text_raw = parser.from_file(from_file)
print(\"---------------------------------\")
print(text_raw[\'content\'].strip())
print(\"---------------------------------\")
if __name__ == \'__main__\':
parse_text(sys.argv[1])
extract_text_image(sys.argv[1], sys.argv[2])
第三步,执行
假如 example.pdf 是这样的:
在命令行这样执行:
python run.py example.pdf deu | xargs -0 echo > extract.txt
最终 extract.txt 的结果如下:
-- Parsing text example.pdf --
---------------------------------
Title pure text
Content pure text
Slide 1
Slide 2
---------------------------------
-- Parsing image example.pdf --
---------------------------------
Title pure text
Content pure text
Title in image
Text in image
你可能会问,如果是简体中文,那个 lang 参数传递什么,传 \'chi_sim\',其实是有官方说明的,链接如下:
https://github.com/tesseract-...
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