Nginx 入门

应用场景

安装Nginx

搜索nginx镜像

docker search nginx

拉取nginx镜像

docker pull nginx

创建容器，设置端⼝映射、⽬录映射

# 在/root⽬录下创建nginx⽬录⽤于存储nginx数据信息
mkdir ~/nginx
cd ~/nginx
mkdir conf
cd conf
# 在~/nginx/conf/下创建nginx.conf⽂件,粘贴下⾯内容
vim nginx.conf

user nginx;
worker_processes 1;

error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log warn;
pid /var/run/nginx.pid;

events {
 worker_connections 1024; }
http {
 include /etc/nginx/mime.types;
 default_type application/octet-stream;
 log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
 '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
 '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';
 access_log /var/log/nginx/access.log main;
 sendfile on;
 #tcp_nopush on;
 keepalive_timeout 65;
 #gzip on;
 include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf;
}

~/nginx/conf.d/80.conf

server {
 listen 80; # 监听的端⼝
 server_name localhost; # 域名或ip
 location / { # 访问路径配置
 root /usr/share/nginx/html;# 根⽬录
 index index.html index.htm; # 默认⾸⻚
 }
 error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html; # 错误⻚⾯
 location = /50x.html {
 root html;
 }
}

docker run -id --name=c_nginx \
-p 9090:80 \
-p 9091:81 \
-p 9092:82 \
-v $PWD/conf/nginx.conf:/etc/nginx/nginx.conf \
-v $PWD/conf.d:/etc/nginx/conf.d \
-v $PWD/logs:/var/log/nginx \
-v $PWD/html:/usr/share/nginx/html \
nginx

Nginx静态⽹站部署

静态⽹站的部署

将/资料/静态⻚⾯/index⽬录下的所有内容 上传到服务器的/usr/local/nginx/html下即可访问

配置虚拟主机

虚拟主机，也叫“⽹站空间”，就是把⼀台运⾏在互联⽹上的物理服务器划分成多个“虚拟”服务器。虚拟主机技术极⼤的促进了⽹络技术的应⽤和普及。同时虚拟主机的租⽤服务也成了⽹络时代的⼀种新型经济形式。

端⼝绑定

新建/usr/share/nginx/index/index.html,并拷贝到容器

hello nginx index 9091

docker cp /usr/share/nginx/index c_nginx:/usr/share/nginx/index

新建/usr/share/nginx/regist/regist.html,并拷贝到容器

hello nginx regist 9092

docker cp /usr/share/nginx/regist c_nginx:/usr/share/nginx/regist

修改Nginx 的配置⽂件：~/nginx/config.d/port.conf

server {
 listen 81; # 监听的端⼝
 server_name localhost; # 域名或ip
 location / { # 访问路径配置
 root /usr/share/nginx/index;# 根⽬录
 index index.html index.htm; # 默认⾸⻚
 }
 error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html; # 错误⻚⾯
 location = /50x.html {
 root html;
 }
 }
 server {
 listen 82; # 监听的端⼝
 server_name localhost; # 域名或ip
 location / { # 访问路径配置
 root /usr/share/nginx/regist;# 根⽬录
 index regist.html; # 默认⾸⻚
 }
 error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html; # 错误⻚⾯
 location = /50x.html {
 root html;
 }
 }

域名绑定

顶级域名

⼆级域名

三级域名

域名与IP绑定

修改C:\Windows\System32\drivers\etc\hosts文件，添加

192.168.238.129 www.aaa.com
192.168.238.129 www.bbb.com

添加配置文件domain.conf,并添加相应文件到容器

 server {
	 listen 80;
	 server_name www.xzk.com;
	 location / {
		 root /usr/share/nginx/cart;
		 index cart.html;
	 }
 }
 server {
	 listen 80;
	 server_name regist.xzk.com;
	 location / {
		 root /usr/share/nginx/search;
		 index search.html;
	 }
 }

Nginx反向代理与负载均衡

反向代理

准备反向代理

搜索tomcat镜像

docker search tomcat

** 拉取tomcat镜像**

docker pull tomcat

创建容器，设置端⼝映射、⽬录映射

# 在/root⽬录下创建tomcat⽬录⽤于存储tomcat数据信息
mkdir ~/tomcat
cd ~/tomcat

docker run -id --name=c_tomcat \
-p 8080:8080 \
-v $PWD:/usr/local/tomcat/webapps \
tomcat

配置反向代理

~/nginx/config.d/proxy.conf

upstream tomcat-aaa{
	 server 192.168.238.129:8080;
 }
 server {
	 listen 80; # 监听的端⼝
	 server_name www.aaa.com; # 域名或ip
	 location / { # 访问路径配置
		 # root index;# 根⽬录
		 proxy_pass http://tomcat-aaa;
		 index index.html index.htm; # 默认⾸⻚
	 }
 }

负载均衡

准备负载均衡

配置负载均衡

修改 Nginx配置⽂件：lb.conf

 upstream tomcat-huike {
 server 192.168.238.129:8080;
 # 出现次数是其它服务器的2倍
 server 192.168.238.129:8081 weight=2;;
 server 192.168.238.129:8082;
 }
 server {
 listen 80; # 监听的端⼝
 server_name www.huike.com; # 域名或ip
 location / { # 访问路径配置
 # root index;# 根⽬录
 proxy_pass http://tomcat-huike;
 index index.html index.htm; # 默认⾸⻚
 }
 error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html; # 错误⻚⾯
 location = /50x.html {
 root html;
 }
 }